Bianbu 3.0 ROOTFS Creation

Environment Requirements

The host machine is recommended to be Ubuntu 20.04/22.04, with docker ce and qemu-user-static (8.0.4, customized version with Vector 1.0 support enabled by default) installed.

docker

Docker ce installation can refer to https://docs.docker.com/engine/install/.

qemu

Uninstall binfmt-support

The customized qemu-user-static conflicts with binfmt-support because binfmt-support provides /etc/init.d/binfmt-support which is a traditional SysVinit startup script, while the customized qemu-user-static provides /lib/systemd/system/systemd-binfmt.service which is a systemd service unit file. /etc/init.d/binfmt-support executes later than /lib/systemd/system/systemd-binfmt.service, causing it to override systemd settings.
```
sudo apt-get purge binfmt-support
```

Download the customized qemu

wget https://archive.spacemit.com/qemu/qemu-user-static_8.0.4%2Bdfsg-1ubuntu3.23.10.1_amd64.deb

Install the customized qemu

sudo dpkg -i qemu-user-static_8.0.4+dfsg-1ubuntu3.23.10.1_amd64.deb

Register qemu-user-static to the kernel so that the entire system (including containers) can directly execute riscv binary files
```
sudo systemctl restart systemd-binfmt.service
```
Verify if qemu-user-static registration is successful
```
wget https://archive.spacemit.com/qemu/rvv
chmod a+x rvv
./rvv
```
The following information indicates successful registration:
```
helloworld
spacemit
```

Prepare Base rootfs

Create working directory
```
mkdir ~/bianbu-workspace
```

Create and start container

docker run --privileged -itd -v ~/bianbu-workspace:/mnt --name build-bianbu-rootfs harbor.spacemit.com/bianbu/bianbu:latest

Enter container

docker exec -it -w /mnt build-bianbu-rootfs bash

Install basic tools

apt-get update
apt-get -y install wget uuid-runtime

Configure environment variables for convenience in subsequent commands

Version 3.0

export BASE_ROOTFS_URL=https://archive.spacemit.com/bianbu-base/bianbu-base-25.04.2-base-riscv64.tar.gz
export BASE_ROOTFS=$(basename "$BASE_ROOTFS_URL")
export TARGET_ROOTFS=rootfs

Download
```
wget $BASE_ROOTFS_URL
```

Extract to specified directory

mkdir -p $TARGET_ROOTFS && tar -zxpf $BASE_ROOTFS -C $TARGET_ROOTFS

Mount some system resources to rootfs

mount -t proc /proc $TARGET_ROOTFS/proc
mount -t sysfs /sys $TARGET_ROOTFS/sys
mount -o bind /dev $TARGET_ROOTFS/dev
mount -o bind /dev/pts $TARGET_ROOTFS/dev/pts

Essential Configuration

Configure Repository

First configure environment variables for convenience in subsequent commands
```
export REPO="archive.spacemit.com/bianbu"
```
Click to view 3.0 version release notes

Configure bianbu.sources

Version 3.0

cat <<EOF | tee $TARGET_ROOTFS/etc/apt/sources.list.d/bianbu.sources
Types: deb
URIs: https://$REPO/
Suites: plucky/snapshots/v3.0 plucky-security/snapshots/v3.0 plucky-updates/snapshots/v3.0 plucky-porting/snapshots/v3.0 plucky-customization/snapshots/v3.0 bianbu-v3.0-updates
Components: main universe restricted multiverse
Signed-By: /usr/share/keyrings/bianbu-archive-keyring.gpg
EOF

Configure DNS

echo "nameserver 8.8.8.8" >$TARGET_ROOTFS/etc/resolv.conf

chroot $TARGET_ROOTFS /bin/bash -c "apt-get update"
chroot $TARGET_ROOTFS /bin/bash -c "DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive apt-get -y --allow-downgrades upgrade"
chroot $TARGET_ROOTFS /bin/bash -c "DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive apt-get -y --allow-downgrades install initramfs-tools"
chroot $TARGET_ROOTFS /bin/bash -c "DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive apt-get -y --allow-downgrades install bianbu-esos img-gpu-powervr k1x-vpu-firmware k1x-cam spacemit-uart-bt spacemit-modules-usrload opensbi-spacemit u-boot-spacemit linux-generic"

Install Meta Packages

Different variants have different meta packages:

Minimal: bianbu-minimal
GNOME Desktop Version: bianbu-desktop bianbu-desktop-zh bianbu-desktop-en bianbu-desktop-minimal-en bianbu-standard bianbu-development
LXQt Desktop Version: bianbu-desktop-lite

GNOME, LXQt and NAS are all based on Minimal. It is recommended to install the Minimal meta package first, then install the corresponding meta package.

Minimal variant:

chroot $TARGET_ROOTFS /bin/bash -c "DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive apt-get -y --allow-downgrades install bianbu-minimal"

GNOME Desktop variant:

chroot $TARGET_ROOTFS /bin/bash -c "DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive apt-get -y --allow-downgrades install bianbu-minimal"
chroot $TARGET_ROOTFS /bin/bash -c "DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive apt-get -y --allow-downgrades install bianbu-desktop bianbu-desktop-zh bianbu-desktop-en bianbu-desktop-minimal-en bianbu-standard bianbu-development"

LXQt Desktop variant:

chroot $TARGET_ROOTFS /bin/bash -c "DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive apt-get -y --allow-downgrades install bianbu-minimal"
chroot $TARGET_ROOTFS /bin/bash -c "DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive apt-get -y --allow-downgrades install bianbu-desktop-lite"

Tip: After completing the installation of all packages, you can execute the following command to clean up the cache to reduce the final firmware size

chroot $TARGET_ROOTFS /bin/bash -c "DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive apt-get clean"

General Configuration

Configure Locale

chroot $TARGET_ROOTFS /bin/bash -c "apt-get -y install locales"
chroot $TARGET_ROOTFS /bin/bash -c "echo \"locales locales/locales_to_be_generated multiselect en_US.UTF-8 UTF-8, zh_CN.UTF-8 UTF-8\" | debconf-set-selections"
chroot $TARGET_ROOTFS /bin/bash -c "echo \"locales locales/default_environment_locale select zh_CN.UTF-8\" | debconf-set-selections"
chroot $TARGET_ROOTFS /bin/bash -c "sed -i 's/^# zh_CN.UTF-8 UTF-8/zh_CN.UTF-8 UTF-8/' /etc/locale.gen"
chroot $TARGET_ROOTFS /bin/bash -c "dpkg-reconfigure --frontend=noninteractive locales"

Configure Timezone

chroot $TARGET_ROOTFS /bin/bash -c "echo 'tzdata tzdata/Areas select Asia' | debconf-set-selections"
chroot $TARGET_ROOTFS /bin/bash -c "echo 'tzdata tzdata/Zones/Asia select Shanghai' | debconf-set-selections"
chroot $TARGET_ROOTFS /bin/bash -c "rm /etc/timezone"
chroot $TARGET_ROOTFS /bin/bash -c "rm /etc/localtime"
chroot $TARGET_ROOTFS /bin/bash -c "dpkg-reconfigure --frontend=noninteractive tzdata"

Configure Time Server

sed -i 's/^#NTP=.*/NTP=ntp.aliyun.com/' $TARGET_ROOTFS/etc/systemd/timesyncd.conf

Configure Password

chroot $TARGET_ROOTFS /bin/bash -c "echo root:bianbu | chpasswd"

Configure Network

Minimal

cat <<EOF | tee $TARGET_ROOTFS/etc/netplan/01-netcfg.yaml
network:
    version: 2
    renderer: networkd
    ethernets:
        end0:
            dhcp4: true
            dhcp-identifier: mac
        end1:
            dhcp4: true
            dhcp-identifier: mac
EOF
chroot $TARGET_ROOTFS /bin/bash -c "chmod 600 /etc/netplan/01-netcfg.yaml"

GNOME/LXQt Desktop Version

cat <<EOF | tee $TARGET_ROOTFS/etc/netplan/01-network-manager-all.yaml
# Let NetworkManager manage all devices on this system
network:
   version: 2
   renderer: NetworkManager
EOF
chroot $TARGET_ROOTFS /bin/bash -c "chmod 600 /etc/netplan/01-network-manager-all.yaml"

Note: Different variants only need to configure their respective files.

Generate Partition Images

Note: After installation and configuration are complete, unmount first!

mount | grep "$TARGET_ROOTFS/proc" > /dev/null && umount -l $TARGET_ROOTFS/proc
mount | grep "$TARGET_ROOTFS/sys" > /dev/null && umount -l $TARGET_ROOTFS/sys
mount | grep "$TARGET_ROOTFS/dev/pts" > /dev/null && umount -l $TARGET_ROOTFS/dev/pts
mount | grep "$TARGET_ROOTFS/dev" > /dev/null && umount -l $TARGET_ROOTFS/dev

Generate UUID and write to /etc/fstab

UUID_BOOTFS=$(uuidgen)
UUID_ROOTFS=$(uuidgen)
cat >$TARGET_ROOTFS/etc/fstab <<EOF
# <file system>     <dir>    <type>  <options>                          <dump> <pass>
UUID=$UUID_ROOTFS   /        ext4    defaults,noatime,errors=remount-ro 0      1
UUID=$UUID_BOOTFS   /boot    ext4    defaults                           0      2
EOF

Move boot to another directory to create bootfs and rootfs partitions separately

mkdir -p bootfs
mv $TARGET_ROOTFS/boot/* bootfs

Generate bootfs.ext4 and rootfs.ext4

mke2fs -d bootfs -L bootfs -t ext4 -U $UUID_BOOTFS bootfs.ext4 "256M"
mke2fs -d $TARGET_ROOTFS -L rootfs -t ext4 -N 524288 -U $UUID_ROOTFS rootfs.ext4 "2048M"

Note: Regarding rootfs.ext4 size. minimal recommends 2048M, bianbu gnome version recommends 8192M, bianbu lxqt version recommends 6144M

At this point, you can see two partition images in the current directory, bootfs.ext4 and rootfs.ext4, which can be flashed to the board using fastboot.

Create Firmware

See Firmware Creation Guide.

Bianbu 3.0 ROOTFS Creation

Environment Requirements​

docker​

qemu​

Prepare Base rootfs​

Essential Configuration​

Configure Repository​

Configure DNS​

Install Hardware-Related Packages​

Install Meta Packages​

General Configuration​

Configure Locale​

Configure Timezone​

Configure Time Server​

Configure Password​

Configure Network​

Generate Partition Images​

Create Firmware​