Bianbu 2.0 ROOTFS Creation

Prerequisites

The host machine is recommended to be Ubuntu 20.04/22.04, with docker CE and customized qemu-user-static (version 8.0.4, with Vector 1.0 support enabled by default) installed.

Docker

For Docker CE installation, refer to https://docs.docker.com/engine/install/.

QEMU

Uninstall binfmt-support

The customized qemu-user-static conflicts with binfmt-support since binfmt-support provides the /etc/init.d/binfmt-support SysVinit script, while the customized qemu-user-static provides a systemd service unit file /lib/systemd/system/systemd-binfmt.service. The /etc/init.d/binfmt-support script executes later than /lib/systemd/system/systemd-binfmt.service, causing it to overwrite the systemd settings.
```
sudo apt-get purge binfmt-support
```

Download the customized qemu

wget https://archive.spacemit.com/qemu/qemu-user-static_8.0.4%2Bdfsg-1ubuntu3.23.10.1_amd64.deb

Install the customized qemu

sudo dpkg -i qemu-user-static_8.0.4+dfsg-1ubuntu3.23.10.1_amd64.deb

Register qemu-user-static with the kernel to allow system-wide execution of riscv binaries (including within containers)
```
sudo systemctl restart systemd-binfmt.service
```
Verify the successful registration of qemu-user-static
```
wget https://archive.spacemit.com/qemu/rvv
chmod a+x rvv
./rvv
```
Seeing the following output indicates successful registration.
```
helloworld
spacemit
```

Prepare the Base ROOTFS

Create a working directory
```
mkdir ~/bianbu-workspace
```

Create and start the container

docker run --privileged -itd -v ~/bianbu-workspace:/mnt --name build-bianbu-rootfs harbor.spacemit.com/bianbu/bianbu:latest

Enter the container

docker exec -it -w /mnt build-bianbu-rootfs bash

Install basic tools

apt-get update
apt-get -y install wget uuid-runtime

Configure environment variables for later commands

export BASE_ROOTFS_URL=https://archive.spacemit.com/bianbu-base/bianbu-base-24.04-base-riscv64.tar.gz
export BASE_ROOTFS=$(basename "$BASE_ROOTFS_URL")
export TARGET_ROOTFS=rootfs

Download
```
wget $BASE_ROOTFS_URL
```

Extract to the specified directory

mkdir -p $TARGET_ROOTFS && tar -zxpf $BASE_ROOTFS -C $TARGET_ROOTFS

Mount some system resources into the rootfs

mount -t proc /proc $TARGET_ROOTFS/proc
mount -t sysfs /sys $TARGET_ROOTFS/sys
mount -o bind /dev $TARGET_ROOTFS/dev
mount -o bind /dev/pts $TARGET_ROOTFS/dev/pts

Necessary Configuration

Configure Repository

First, set environment variables for subsequent commands
```
export REPO="archive.spacemit.com/bianbu"
export VERSION="v2.0.2"
```
Click here to see the latest VERSION

Configure bianbu.sources

cat <<EOF | tee $TARGET_ROOTFS/etc/apt/sources.list.d/bianbu.sources
Types: deb
URIs: https://$REPO/
Suites: noble/snapshots/$VERSION noble-security/snapshots/$VERSION noble-porting/snapshots/$VERSION noble-customization/snapshots/$VERSION
Components: main universe restricted multiverse
Signed-By: /usr/share/keyrings/bianbu-archive-keyring.gpg
EOF

Configure DNS

echo "nameserver 8.8.8.8" >$TARGET_ROOTFS/etc/resolv.conf

chroot $TARGET_ROOTFS /bin/bash -c "apt-get update"
chroot $TARGET_ROOTFS /bin/bash -c "DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive apt-get -y --allow-downgrades upgrade"
chroot $TARGET_ROOTFS /bin/bash -c "DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive apt-get -y --allow-downgrades install initramfs-tools"
chroot $TARGET_ROOTFS /bin/bash -c "DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive apt-get -y --allow-downgrades install bianbu-esos img-gpu-powervr k1x-vpu-firmware k1x-cam spacemit-uart-bt spacemit-modules-usrload opensbi-spacemit u-boot-spacemit linux-image-6.6.36"

Install Metapackages

Different variants come with different metapackages:

Minimal: bianbu-minimal
Desktop: bianbu-desktop bianbu-desktop-zh bianbu-desktop-en bianbu-desktop-minimal-en bianbu-standard bianbu-development
NAS: bianbu-nas

Both Desktop and NAS are based on Minimal. It is recommended to install the Minimal metapackage first, and then install the Desktop metapackage.

Here is an example for creating the minimal variant:

chroot $TARGET_ROOTFS /bin/bash -c "DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive apt-get -y --allow-downgrades install bianbu-minimal"

Tip: After installing all packages, you can run the following command to clean up the cache and reduce the final firmware size.

chroot $TARGET_ROOTFS /bin/bash -c "DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive apt-get clean"

General Configuration

Configure Locale

chroot $TARGET_ROOTFS /bin/bash -c "apt-get -y install locales"
chroot $TARGET_ROOTFS /bin/bash -c "echo \"locales locales/locales_to_be_generated multiselect en_US.UTF-8 UTF-8, zh_CN.UTF-8 UTF-8\" | debconf-set-selections"
chroot $TARGET_ROOTFS /bin/bash -c "echo \"locales locales/default_environment_locale select zh_CN.UTF-8\" | debconf-set-selections"
chroot $TARGET_ROOTFS /bin/bash -c "sed -i 's/^# zh_CN.UTF-8 UTF-8/zh_CN.UTF-8 UTF-8/' /etc/locale.gen"
chroot $TARGET_ROOTFS /bin/bash -c "dpkg-reconfigure --frontend=noninteractive locales"

Configure Timezone

chroot $TARGET_ROOTFS /bin/bash -c "echo 'tzdata tzdata/Areas select Asia' | debconf-set-selections"
chroot $TARGET_ROOTFS /bin/bash -c "echo 'tzdata tzdata/Zones/Asia select Shanghai' | debconf-set-selections"
chroot $TARGET_ROOTFS /bin/bash -c "rm /etc/timezone"
chroot $TARGET_ROOTFS /bin/bash -c "rm /etc/localtime"
chroot $TARGET_ROOTFS /bin/bash -c "dpkg-reconfigure --frontend=noninteractive tzdata"

Configure Time Server

sed -i 's/^#NTP=.*/NTP=ntp.aliyun.com/' $TARGET_ROOTFS/etc/systemd/timesyncd.conf

Set Password

chroot $TARGET_ROOTFS /bin/bash -c "echo root:bianbu | chpasswd"

Configure Network

minimal

cat <<EOF | tee $TARGET_ROOTFS/etc/netplan/01-netcfg.yaml
network:
    version: 2
    renderer: networkd
    ethernets:
        end0:
            dhcp4: true
        end1:
            dhcp4: true
EOF
chroot $TARGET_ROOTFS /bin/bash -c "chmod 600 /etc/netplan/01-netcfg.yaml"

desktop

cat <<EOF | tee $TARGET_ROOTFS/etc/netplan/01-network-manager-all.yaml
# Let NetworkManager manage all devices on this system
network:
version: 2
renderer: NetworkManager
EOF
chroot $TARGET_ROOTFS /bin/bash -c "chmod 600 /etc/netplan/01-network-manager-all.yaml"

Note: Different variants only need to configure their respective files.

Generate Partition Images

Before finalizing, ensure to unmount!

mount | grep "$TARGET_ROOTFS/proc" > /dev/null && umount -l $TARGET_ROOTFS/proc
mount | grep "$TARGET_ROOTFS/sys" > /dev/null && umount -l $TARGET_ROOTFS/sys
mount | grep "$TARGET_ROOTFS/dev/pts" > /dev/null && umount -l $TARGET_ROOTFS/dev/pts
mount | grep "$TARGET_ROOTFS/dev" > /dev/null && umount -l $TARGET_ROOTFS/dev

Generate UUID and write to /etc/fstab

UUID_BOOTFS=$(uuidgen)
UUID_ROOTFS=$(uuidgen)
cat >$TARGET_ROOTFS/etc/fstab <<EOF
# <file system>     <dir>    <type>  <options>                          <dump> <pass>
UUID=$UUID_ROOTFS   /        ext4    defaults,noatime,errors=remount-ro 0      1
UUID=$UUID_BOOTFS   /boot    ext4    defaults                           0      2
EOF

Move boot to a different directory, to separately create bootfs and rootfs partitions,

mkdir -p bootfs
mv $TARGET_ROOTFS/boot/* bootfs

Create bootfs.ext4 and rootfs.ext4,

mke2fs -d bootfs -L bootfs -t ext4 -U $UUID_BOOTFS bootfs.ext4 "256M"
mke2fs -d $TARGET_ROOTFS -L rootfs -t ext4 -N 524288 -U $UUID_ROOTFS rootfs.ext4 "2048M"

Now, you can see two partition images in the current directory, bootfs.ext4 and rootfs.ext4, which can be burned to the board using fastboot.

Create Firmware

See Firmware Creation Guide.

Bianbu 2.0 ROOTFS Creation

Prerequisites​

Docker​

QEMU​

Prepare the Base ROOTFS​

Necessary Configuration​

Configure Repository​

Configure DNS​

Install Hardware-related Packages​

Install Metapackages​

General Configuration​

Configure Locale​

Configure Timezone​

Configure Time Server​

Set Password​

Configure Network​

Generate Partition Images​

Create Firmware​